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【juniper】交换机日常维护常用配置方式

17-06-12 来源：[db:作者]

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juniper 设备和其他厂商有所不同，采用提交生效的配置理念。大大减少了误操作。注：所有配置配置完毕后不会立即生效，需要commit提交生效。

1 开机指导

开机后：

Last login: Fri Jan 17 22:21:55 on ttyd0

--- JUNOS 7.2R3.3 built 2002-03-23 02:44:36 UTC

Terminal type? [vt100]

root@%

注意使用root用户登录的情况下，输入帐号/密码以后，默认是进入shell模式的（而只有root用户帐号有这个现象），要输入cli命令进入用户模式：

root@% cli

root>

2配置模式

用户模式下输入configure命令进入配置模式，配置模式下可以对设备进行各种参数的配置

root> configure

2.1 设置root用户密码

命令：

set system root-authentication plain-text-password

初始化root用户是没有密码的，在第一次进行配置的时候必须要配置root密码才能commit成功。密码采用字母+数字方式。

Example:

set system root-authenticationplain-text-password

New password:

Retype new password:

2.2 添加系统用户

命令：

set system login user juniper uid 2000<-设置用户名为juniper用户id为2000

set system login user juniper class super-user<-设置juniper用户为超级用户

set system login user juniper authenticationplain-text-password <-设置juniper用户的密码

2.3 设置主机名

命令：

set system host-name M7i_GZ <-设置主机名为M7i_GZ

2.4 开启系统telnet服务

命令：

set system services telnet

说明：系统默认是没有打开telnet功能的，只有打开telnet服务之后才能从网络上登陆到网络设备。

2.5 开启系统ftp服务

命令：

set system services ftp

说明：系统默认是没有打开ftp功能的，只有打开ftp服务之后才能从网络上ftp到网络设备。

2.6 配置SNMP

set snmp community authorization< read-only/ read-write> clients# 设置SNMP字符串

set snmp trap-options source-address192.168.1.1 #设置snmp trap的原地址为192.168.1.1

set snmp contact #设置snmp的联系信息

set snmp engine-id local #设置snmp v3 engine ID信息

set snmp description #设置snmp的系统描述

2.7 配置物理端口参数

2.7.1 配置端口描述

user@host#set interface ge-slot/pic/port description description

2.7.2 配置端口MTU

user@host#set interface ge-slot/pic/port mtu mtu-number

2.7.3 配置端口速率

user@host#set interface ge-slot/pic/port ether-options speed (10m |100m | 1g)

2.7.4 配置端口双工

user@host#set interface ge-0/0/0 ether-options link-mode (automatic| full-duplex |

half-duplex )

2.7.5 配置端口自动协商

user@host#set interface ge-0/0/0 ether-options (auto-negotiation |

no-auto-negotiation )

注：如需强制双工或强制速率需要配置user@host#set interface ge-0/0/0ether-options no-auto-negotiation

root@host# set interfaces ge-3/0/0 ether-optionsauto-negotiation

2.7.6 关闭端口

root@host# set interfaces ge-0/0/0 disable

2.7.7配置物理端口二层接口

root@host# set interfaces ge-0/0/16 unit 0 familyethernet-switching port-mode access

2.7.8配置物理端口三层接口

EX交换机物理接口可以支持三层路由接口功能，直接可以在接口上配置三层地址

root@host# set interfaces ge-0/0/17 unit 0 family inet address 192.168.20.1/24

2.8 配置VLAN

初始化配置时候，所有端口属于default VLAN，defaultvlan 的默认ID是0

2.8.1 创建二层VLAN

set vlans vlan100 vlan-id 100

2.8.2 创建三层vlan

set vlans vlan2061 descriptionGUANLI

set vlans vlan2061 vlan-id 2061

set vlans vlan2061 l3-interfacevlan.2061

set interfaces vlan unit 2061 familyinet address 172.16.61.52/24

2.8.3 接口划入VLAN

为端口配置VLAN 100 ACCESSS

root@host# set interfaces ge-0/0/1 unit 0 family ethernet-switchingvlan members 100

2.8.4配置Vlan trunk

配置端口作trunk端口，支持802.1Q的标准封装。

user@host# set interfaces name unit 0 family ethernet-switchingport-mode trunk

#配置端口的VLAN模式为trunk模式

user@host# set interfaces name unit 0 family ethernet-switchingvlan members （all|number）

2.8.5配置 native-vlan-id

EX在trunk端口下支持native-vlan(拆标签的VLAN) 的配置：

root@host# set interface ge-0/0/8 unit 0 family Ethernet-switchnative-vlan-id purple

2.14 静态路由协议

set routing-options static route 0.0.0.0/0 next-hop172.16.61.1

3DHCP设置

set system services dhcp name-server 202.118.176.2

主DNS配置

set system services dhcp name-server 114.114.114.114

备DNS配置

set system services dhcp pool 10.30.0.0/24 address-range low10.30.0.10

set system services dhcp pool 10.30.0.0/24 address-range high10.30.0.254

地址池范围

set system services dhcp pool 10.30.0.0/24 router 10.30.0.1

地址池网关，同时也代表绑定网关所在VLAN

set interfaces vlan unit 201 familyinet address 10.30.0.1/24

配置VLAN地址

set vlans vlan201 vlan-id 201

创建VLAN

set vlans vlan201 l3-interfacevlan.201

添加VLAN三层接口。

4排错维护

4.1查看硬件运行信息

wlzx@5_2# run show chassis routing-engine

Routing Engine status:

Slot 0:

Current stateMaster

Temperature 33 degrees C / 91 degrees F

CPUtemperature 33 degrees C / 91degrees F

DRAM 1024

Memory utilization 50percent

CPUutilization:

User 0percent

Background 0percent

Kernel 0percent

Interrupt 0percent

Idle 100percent

ModelEX4200-48T, 8 POE

Serial ID BP0214300255

Starttime 2013-09-1306:55:06 UTC

Uptime 29days, 21 hours, 44 minutes, 30 seconds

Lastreboot reason 0x1:powercycle/failure

Loadaverages: 1 minute 5 minute15 minute

0.16 0.06 0.02

4.2产看ARP表

wlzx@5_2# run show arp

MAC Address Address Name Interface Flags

70:f9:6d:18:2a:e5 172.16.61.1 172.16.61.1 vlan.2061 none

70:f9:6d:a1:d6:24 172.16.61.11 172.16.61.11 vlan.2061 none

70:f9:6d:a1:d5:ea 172.16.61.12 172.16.61.12 vlan.2061 none

70:f9:6d:a1:d1:9c 172.16.61.13 172.16.61.13 vlan.2061 none

70:f9:6d:a1:d5:3c 172.16.61.21 172.16.61.21 vlan.2061 none

70:f9:6d:a2:14:72 172.16.61.31 172.16.61.31 vlan.2061 none

70:f9:6d:a1:cd:4e 172.16.61.32 172.16.61.32 vlan.2061 none

70:f9:6d:a1:cf:92 172.16.61.33 172.16.61.33 vlan.2061 none

70:f9:6d:a1:d0:40 172.16.61.34 172.16.61.34 vlan.2061 none

64:64:9b:f0:c6:01 172.16.61.35 172.16.61.35 vlan.2061 none

64:64:9b:f0:c1:01 172.16.61.36 172.16.61.36 vlan.2061 none

64:64:9b:f0:76:81 172.16.61.37 172.16.61.37 vlan.2061 none

70:f9:6d:a1:cf:1e 172.16.61.61 172.16.61.61 vlan.2061 none

70:f9:6d:a1:cd:c2 172.16.61.62 172.16.61.62 vlan.2061 none

70:f9:6d:a1:d3:e0 172.16.61.81 172.16.61.81 vlan.2061 none

70:f9:6d:a1:d0:7a 172.16.61.91 172.16.61.91 vlan.2061 none

70:f9:6d:a1:cc:da 172.16.61.92 172.16.61.92 vlan.2061 none

70:f9:6d:a1:cc:2c 172.16.61.93 172.16.61.93 vlan.2061 none

70:f9:6d:a1:d6:d2 172.16.61.101 172.16.61.101 vlan.2061 none

64:64:9b:14:ba:81 172.16.61.103 172.16.61.103 vlan.2061 none

70:f9:6d:83:c4:2e 172.16.61.121 172.16.61.121 vlan.2061 none

70:f9:6d:a1:d2:10 172.16.61.122 172.16.61.122 vlan.2061 none

5c:dd:70:04:21:52 172.16.61.123 172.16.61.123 vlan.2061 none

70:f9:6d:a1:d4:1a 172.16.61.124 172.16.61.124 vlan.2061 none

70:f9:6d:a1:d5:02 172.16.61.125 172.16.61.125 vlan.2061 none

70:f9:6d:a1:d5:b0 172.16.61.126 172.16.61.126 vlan.2061 none

70:f9:6d:a2:11:46 172.16.61.131 172.16.61.131 vlan.2061 none

70:f9:6d:a1:cf:cc 172.16.61.132 172.16.61.132 vlan.2061 none

70:f9:6d:a1:d0:ee 172.16.61.141 172.16.61.141 vlan.2061 none

70:f9:6d:a2:0b:28 172.16.61.142172.16.61.142vlan.2061 none

4.3查看VLAN信息

wlzx@5_2# run showvlans

Name Tag Interfaces

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/0.0__

ge-0/0/0.0, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/1.0__

ge-0/0/1.0, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/10.0__

ge-0/0/10.0, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/11.0__

ge-0/0/11.0, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/12.0__

ge-0/0/12.0, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/13.0__

ge-0/0/13.0, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/14.0__

ge-0/0/14.0, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/15.0__

ge-0/0/15.0, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/16.0__

ge-0/0/16.0*, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/17.0__

ge-0/0/17.0, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/18.0__

ge-0/0/18.0, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/19.0__

ge-0/0/19.0, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/2.0__

ge-0/0/2.0*, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/20.0__

ge-0/0/20.0, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/21.0__

ge-0/0/21.0, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/22.0__

ge-0/0/22.0, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/23.0__

ge-0/0/23.0, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/24.0__

ge-0/0/24.0, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/25.0__

ge-0/0/25.0*, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/26.0__

ge-0/0/26.0, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/27.0__

ge-0/0/27.0*,ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/28.0__

ge-0/0/28.0, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/29.0__

ge-0/0/29.0*,ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/3.0__

ge-0/0/3.0, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/30.0__

ge-0/0/30.0, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/31.0__

ge-0/0/31.0*,ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/32.0__

ge-0/0/32.0, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/33.0__

ge-0/0/33.0, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/34.0__

ge-0/0/34.0, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/35.0__

ge-0/0/35.0, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/36.0__

ge-0/0/36.0, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/37.0__

ge-0/0/37.0, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/38.0__

ge-0/0/38.0, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/39.0__

ge-0/0/39.0, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/4.0__

ge-0/0/4.0, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/40.0__

ge-0/0/40.0, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/41.0__

ge-0/0/41.0, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/42.0__

ge-0/0/42.0, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/43.0__

ge-0/0/43.0, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/44.0__

ge-0/0/44.0, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/45.0__

ge-0/0/45.0, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/46.0__

ge-0/0/46.0, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/47.0__

ge-0/0/47.0, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/5.0__

ge-0/0/5.0*, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/6.0__

ge-0/0/6.0, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/7.0__

ge-0/0/7.0, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/8.0__

ge-0/0/8.0, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/0/9.0__

ge-0/0/9.0, ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/1/0.0__

ge-0/1/3.0*

__pvlan_vlan502_ge-0/1/1.0__

ge-0/1/3.0*

default

None

vlan2061 2061

ge-0/1/3.0*

vlan502502

ge-0/0/0.0, ge-0/0/1.0,ge-0/0/2.0*, ge-0/0/3.0, ge-0/0/4.0, ge-0/0/5.0*, ge-0/0/6.0, ge-0/0/7.0,ge-0/0/8.0, ge-0/0/9.0, ge-0/0/10.0,

ge-0/0/11.0,ge-0/0/12.0, ge-0/0/13.0, ge-0/0/14.0, ge-0/0/15.0, ge-0/0/16.0*, ge-0/0/17.0,ge-0/0/18.0, ge-0/0/19.0, ge-0/0/20.0,

ge-0/0/21.0,ge-0/0/22.0, ge-0/0/23.0, ge-0/0/24.0, ge-0/0/25.0*, ge-0/0/26.0, ge-0/0/27.0*,ge-0/0/28.0, ge-0/0/29.0*, ge-0/0/30.0,

ge-0/0/31.0*,ge-0/0/32.0, ge-0/0/33.0, ge-0/0/34.0, ge-0/0/35.0, ge-0/0/36.0, ge-0/0/37.0,ge-0/0/38.0, ge-0/0/39.0, ge-0/0/40.0,

ge-0/0/41.0,ge-0/0/42.0, ge-0/0/43.0, ge-0/0/44.0, ge-0/0/45.0, ge-0/0/46.0, ge-0/0/47.0,ge-0/1/3.0*

注： PVLAN 为vlan隔离，端口后面加“*”的意思为该端口up状态。

4.4单独查看某个VLAN

wlzx@5_2# run showvlans 2061

Name Tag Interfaces

vlan2061 2061

ge-0/1/3.0*

{master:0}[edit]

4.5查看接口

wlzx@5_2# run showinterfaces terse

Interface Admin Link Proto Local Remote

ge-0/0/0 up down

ge-0/0/0.0 up down eth-switch

ge-0/0/1 up down

ge-0/0/1.0 up down eth-switch

ge-0/0/2 up up

ge-0/0/2.0 up upeth-switch

ge-0/0/3 up down

ge-0/0/3.0 up down eth-switch

ge-0/0/4 up down

ge-0/0/4.0 up down eth-switch

ge-0/0/5 up up

ge-0/0/5.0 up upeth-switch

ge-0/0/6 up down

ge-0/0/6.0 up down eth-switch

ge-0/0/7 up down

ge-0/0/7.0 up down eth-switch

ge-0/0/8 up down

ge-0/0/8.0 up down eth-switch

ge-0/0/9 up down

ge-0/0/9.0 up down eth-switch

ge-0/0/10 up down

ge-0/0/10.0 up down eth-switch

ge-0/0/11 up down

ge-0/0/11.0 up down eth-switch

ge-0/0/12 up down

ge-0/0/12.0 up down eth-switch

ge-0/0/13 up down

ge-0/0/13.0 up down eth-switch

ge-0/0/14 up down

ge-0/0/14.0 up down eth-switch

ge-0/0/15 updown

ge-0/0/15.0 up down eth-switch

ge-0/0/16 up up

ge-0/0/16.0 up upeth-switch

ge-0/0/17 up down

ge-0/0/17.0 up down eth-switch

ge-0/0/18 up down

ge-0/0/18.0 up down eth-switch

ge-0/0/19 up down

ge-0/0/19.0 up down eth-switch

ge-0/0/20 up down

ge-0/0/20.0 up down eth-switch

ge-0/0/21 up down

ge-0/0/21.0 updown eth-switch

ge-0/0/22 up down

ge-0/0/22.0 up down eth-switch

ge-0/0/23 up down

ge-0/0/23.0 up down eth-switch

ge-0/0/24 up down

ge-0/0/24.0 up down eth-switch

ge-0/0/25 up up

ge-0/0/25.0 up upeth-switch

ge-0/0/26 up down

ge-0/0/26.0 up down eth-switch

ge-0/0/27 up up

ge-0/0/27.0 up upeth-switch

ge-0/0/28 up down

ge-0/0/28.0 up down eth-switch

ge-0/0/29 up up

ge-0/0/29.0 up upeth-switch

ge-0/0/30 up down

ge-0/0/30.0 up down eth-switch

ge-0/0/31 up up

ge-0/0/31.0 up upeth-switch

ge-0/0/32 up down

ge-0/0/32.0 up down eth-switch

ge-0/0/33 up down

ge-0/0/33.0 up down eth-switch

ge-0/0/34 up down

ge-0/0/34.0 up down eth-switch

ge-0/0/35 up down

ge-0/0/35.0 up down eth-switch

ge-0/0/36 up down

ge-0/0/36.0 up down eth-switch

ge-0/0/37 up down

ge-0/0/37.0 up down eth-switch

ge-0/0/38 up down

ge-0/0/38.0 up down eth-switch

ge-0/0/39 up down

ge-0/0/39.0 up down eth-switch

ge-0/0/40 up down

ge-0/0/40.0 updown eth-switch

ge-0/0/41 up down

ge-0/0/41.0 up down eth-switch

ge-0/0/42 up down

ge-0/0/42.0 up down eth-switch

ge-0/0/43 up down

ge-0/0/43.0 up down eth-switch

ge-0/0/44 up down

ge-0/0/44.0 up down eth-switch

ge-0/0/45 up down

ge-0/0/45.0 up down eth-switch

ge-0/0/46 up down

ge-0/0/46.0 up down eth-switch

ge-0/0/47 up down

ge-0/0/47.0 up down eth-switch

ge-0/1/3 up up

ge-0/1/3.0 up upeth-switch

vcp-0 up down

vcp-0.32768 up down

vcp-1 updown

vcp-1.32768 up down

bme0 up up

bme0.32768 up upinet 128.0.0.1/2

128.0.0.16/2

128.0.0.32/2

tnp 0x10

dsc up up

gre up up

ipip up up

lo0 up up

lo0.16384 up upinet 127.0.0.1 --> 0/0

lsi up up

me0 up down

me0.0 up down eth-switch

mtun up up

pimd up up

pime up up

tap upup

vlan up up

vlan.0 up down inet

vlan.2061 up upinet 172.16.61.52/24

vme up down

vme.0 up down inet

{master:0}[edit]

4.6查看VLAN流量

wlzx@5_2# run showinterfaces vlan.2061

Logical interface vlan.2061 (Index 117) (SNMPifIndex 601)

Flags: SNMP-Traps 0x0 Encapsulation: ENET2

Input packets : 935958

Output packets: 20227

Protocol inet, MTU: 1500

Flags: None

Addresses, Flags: Is-Preferred Is-Primary

Destination: 172.16.61/24, Local:172.16.61.52, Broadcast: 172.16.61.255

{master:0}[edit]

4.7查看接口流量

wlzx@5_2# run showinterfaces ge-0/0/3

Physicalinterface: ge-0/0/3, Enabled, Physical link is Down

Interface index: 132, SNMP ifIndex: 508

Link-level type: Ethernet, MTU: 1514, Speed:Auto, Duplex: Auto, BPDU Error: None, MAC-REWRITE Error: None, Loopback:Disabled, Source filtering: Disabled,

Flow control: Enabled, Auto-negotiation:Enabled, Remote fault: Online, Media type: Copper

Device flags: Present Running

Interface flags: Hardware-Down SNMP-TrapsInternal: 0x0

Link flags: None

CoS queues: 8 supported, 8 maximum usable queues

Current address: 64:64:9b:f0:58:06, Hardwareaddress: 64:64:9b:f0:58:06

Last flapped: Never

Input rate: 0 bps (0 pps)

Output rate: 0 bps (0 pps)

Active alarms: LINK

Active defects : LINK

Interface transmit statistics: Disabled

Logical interface ge-0/0/3.0 (Index 70) (SNMPifIndex 509)

Flags: Device-Down SNMP-Traps 0x0Encapsulation: ENET2

Input packets : 0

Output packets: 0

Protocol eth-switch

Flags: None

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