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Oracle11gR2_RAC_for_redhat6.3安装手册

16-07-29 来源：[db:作者]

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软件环境

数据库：
../201807/~0,-4%.html
../201807/~0,-4%.html
集群件（11G中的GRID）：
../201807/~0,-4%.html

操作系统：
Redhat6.3

RAC拓扑图

这里写图片描述

网络规划

——–public IP——–
rac1 172.16.64.129
rac2 172.16.64.130
——–VIP——–
racvip1 172.16.64.131
racvip2 172.16.64.132
——–PRIV IP——–
racpriv1 10.10.10.10
racpriv 210.10.10.11
——–SCAN IP——–
scanip 172.16.64.133

这里写图片描述

安装目录规划
grid base目录：/u01/app/grid #grid用户的ORACLE_BASE
grid asm安装目录：/u01/app/11.2.0/grid #grid用户的ORACLE_HOME
Oracle base目录：/u01/app/oracle #oracle用户的ORACLE_BASE
Oracle home目录：/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1 #oracle用户的ORACLE_HOME

安装PATCHES列表
binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.11.el6 (x86_64)
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6 (x86_64)
glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64)
ksh-*.el6 (x86_64) <== any version of ksh is acceptable
libaio-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64)
libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
make-3.81-19.el6 (x86_64)
compat-libcap1-1.10-1 (x86_64)
gcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
gcc-c++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64)
libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64)
libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
sysstat-9.0.4-11.el6 (x86_64)
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6 (i686)
glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (i686)
glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6 (i686)
libaio-0.3.107-10.el6 (i686)
libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6 (i686)
libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686)
libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686)
libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686)
elfutils-libelf-devel-0.97
安装PATCHES

rpm -ivh --nodeps --force binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.34.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh --nodeps --force compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64.rpm 
rpm -ivh --nodeps --force glibc-2.12-1.80.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh --nodeps --force ksh-*.rpm
rpm -ivh --nodeps --force libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64.rpm 
rpm -ivh --nodeps --force libgcc-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh --nodeps --force libstdc++-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh --nodeps --force make-3.81-20.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh --nodeps --force compat-libcap1-1.10-1.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh --nodeps --force gcc-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh --nodeps --force gcc-c++-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh --nodeps --force glibc-devel-2.12-1.80.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh --nodeps --force libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh --nodeps --force libstdc++-devel-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64.rpm 
rpm -ivh --nodeps --force sysstat-9.0.4-20.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh --nodeps --force compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64.rpm 
rpm -ivh --nodeps --force glibc-2.12-1.80.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh --nodeps --force glibc-devel-2.12-1.80.el6.x86_64.rpm 
rpm -ivh --nodeps --force libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64.rpm 
rpm -ivh --nodeps --force libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64.rpm 
rpm -ivh --nodeps --force libgcc-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64.rpm 
rpm -ivh --nodeps --force libstdc++-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64.rpm 
rpm -ivh --nodeps --force libstdc++-devel-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64.rpm 
rpm -ivh --nodeps --force elfutils-libelf-devel-0.152-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

主机网络配置主机网络设置检查：hosts文件系修改、网卡IP配置。 1. 编辑hosts文件，将如下内容添加到hosts文件中，指定Public IP、VIP、Private IP。 2. Vi /etc/hosts

172.16.64.129           rac1
172.16.64.130           rac2

10.10.10.10         racpriv1
10.10.10.11         racpriv2

172.16.64.131       racvip1
172.16.64.132       racvip2

172.16.64.133       scanip

网卡的IP地址已经在系统安装过程中配置完成，可以使用如下命令检查IP配置情况：#ifconfig

创建操作系统组和用户在两个节点创建相应的操作系统组和用户，先创建组，然后创建用户：以root用户使用如下命

#groupadd -g 1301 asmadmin
#groupadd -g 1302 asmdba
#groupadd -g 1303 asmoper
#groupadd -g 1304 oinstall
#groupadd -g 1305 dba
#useradd  -u 1300 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper grid
#useradd  -u 1310 -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba oracle
使用passwd命令为grid（密码：grid）和oracle（密码：oracle）账户设置密码。

创建软件安装目录结构并更改权限在两个节点创建相应的目录改变属主并改变权限以root用户使用如下命

#mkdir /grid
#mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
#mkdir -p /u01/app/grid/11.2.0
#chown -R grid:oinstall /u01
#chown -R grid:oinstall /grid
#chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle
#chmod -R 775 /u01

修改用户概要文件在两个节点上分别修改 grid用户.bash_profile 添加如下内容：

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

oracle用户.bash_profile 添加如下内容：

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK

修改限制条件在两个节点上分别执行，以root用户进行编辑

#vim /etc/security/limits.conf
grid             soft    nproc           2047
grid             hard    nproc           16384
grid             soft    nofile          1024
grid             hard    nofile          65536
oracle           soft    nproc           2047
oracle           hard    nproc           16384
oracle           soft    nofile          1024
oracle           hard    nofile          65536

修改内核参数关闭所有节点防火墙用root用户在两个节点分别编辑/etc/sysctl.conf 添加下图内容：

用root用户关闭两个节点防火墙：

#Service iptables status 
#Service iptables stop

配置互信

两个节点都要执行集群软件解压之后

[root@node1 ~]# rm -rf $HOME/.ssh  
cd /grid/grid/sshsetup
[grid@rac1 sshsetup]$ pwd
/u01/grid/grid/sshsetup

此步骤只要在一个节点上执行

[grid@rac1 sshsetup]$ ./sshUserSetup.sh -user oracle -hosts "rac1 rac2" -advanced –noPromptPassphrase

两个用户(Grid和Oracle)都要验证互信

ssh rac1 date
ssh racpriv1 date
ssh rac2 date   
ssh racpriv2 date

没有提示输入密码则成功

存储分区（在一个节点上执行）所有规划的设备进行分区，例如在节点1上对sdc盘进行划盘

[root@db1 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdc   
WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
         switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
sectors (command 'u').

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sde: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000d60dc

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

Command (m for help): n
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-65270, default 1): 
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-65270, default 65270): 
Using default value 65270

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

所有节点同步分区

Partprobe

注意：本例的存储是按照一般情况来配置的，实际划分请根据情况而定。

绑定裸设备用root用户两个节点都需执行：

vi  /etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules
# Enter raw device bindings here.
#   
# An example would be:
#   ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sda", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"
# to bind /dev/raw/raw1 to /dev/sda, or
#   ACTION=="add", ENV{MAJOR}=="8", ENV{MINOR}=="1",
RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %M %m"
# to bind /dev/raw/raw2 to the device with major 8, minor 1.
#for ocr_voting
ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="sdc1",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"
ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="sdc2",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %N"
ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="sdd1",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw3 %N"
ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="sdd2",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw4 %N"
ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="sde1",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw5 %N"
ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="sde2",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw6 %N"
ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="sdf1",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw7 %N"
ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="sdf2",RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw8 %N"
KERNEL=="raw[1-8]", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"

重启 UDEV：

# /sbin/start_udev

验证：

[root@db1 rules.d]# ll /dev/raw
total 0
crw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 162,  1 Jul 28 15:19 raw1
crw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 162,  2 Jul 28 15:19 raw2
crw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 162,  3 Jul 28 15:19 raw3
crw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 162,  4 Jul 28 15:19 raw4
crw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 162,  5 Jul 28 15:19 raw5
crw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 162,  6 Jul 28 15:19 raw6
crw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 162,  7 Jul 28 15:19 raw7
crw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 162,  8 Jul 28 15:19 raw8
crw-rw---- 1 root disk     162,  0 Jul 28 15:19 rawctl

安装Grid 节点1用GRID用执行： [grid@db1 grid]$ ./runI*