Android 对程序异常崩溃的捕捉

Android 对程序异常崩溃的捕捉

以下为异常捕捉处理代码：  

import java.io.BufferedReader;  
import java.io.File;  
import java.io.FileInputStream;  
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;  
import java.io.FileOutputStream;  
import java.io.IOException;  
import java.io.InputStreamReader;  
import java.io.PrintWriter;  
import java.io.StringWriter;  
import java.io.Writer;  
import java.lang.Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler;  
import java.lang.reflect.Field;  
import java.text.DateFormat;  
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;  
import java.util.Date;  
import java.util.HashMap;  
import java.util.Map;  
  
import android.content.Context;  
import android.content.pm.PackageInfo;  
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;  
import android.content.pm.PackageManager.NameNotFoundException;  
import android.os.Build;  
import android.os.Environment;  
import android.os.Looper;  
import android.util.Log;  
import android.widget.Toast;  
      
/**   
 * UncaughtException处理类,当程序发生Uncaught异常的时候,有该类来接管程序,并记录发送错误报告.  
 *  
 *  需要在Application中注册，为了要在程序启动器就监控整个程序。 
 */      
public class CrashHandler implements UncaughtExceptionHandler {      
          
    public static final String TAG = "CrashHandler";      
          
    //系统默认的UncaughtException处理类       
    private Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler mDefaultHandler;      
    //CrashHandler实例      
    private static CrashHandler instance;  
   //程序的Context对象      
    private Context mContext;      
    //用来存储设备信息和异常信息      
    private Map infos = new HashMap();      
      
    //用于格式化日期,作为日志文件名的一部分      
    private DateFormat formatter = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd-HH-mm-ss");      
      
    /** 保证只有一个CrashHandler实例 */      
    private CrashHandler() {}      
      
    /** 获取CrashHandler实例 ,单例模式 */      
    public static CrashHandler getInstance() {      
        if(instance == null)  
            instance = new CrashHandler();     
        return instance;      
    }      
      
    /**   
     * 初始化   
     */      
    public void init(Context context) {      
        mContext = context;      
        //获取系统默认的UncaughtException处理器      
        mDefaultHandler = Thread.getDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler();      
        //设置该CrashHandler为程序的默认处理器      
        Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(this);      
    }      
      
    /**   
     * 当UncaughtException发生时会转入该函数来处理   
     */      
    @Override      
    public void uncaughtException(Thread thread, Throwable ex) {      
        if (!handleException(ex) && mDefaultHandler != null) {      
            //如果用户没有处理则让系统默认的异常处理器来处理      
            mDefaultHandler.uncaughtException(thread, ex);      
        } else {      
            try {      
                Thread.sleep(3000);      
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {      
                Log.e(TAG, "error : ", e);      
            }      
            //退出程序      
            android.os.Process.killProcess(android.os.Process.myPid());      
            System.exit(1);      
        }      
    }      
      
    /**   
     * 自定义错误处理,收集错误信息 发送错误报告等操作均在此完成.   
     *    
     * @param ex   
     * @return true:如果处理了该异常信息;否则返回false.   
     */      
    private boolean handleException(Throwable ex) {      
        if (ex == null) {      
            return false;      
        }      
        //收集设备参数信息       
        collectDeviceInfo(mContext);      
          
        //使用Toast来显示异常信息      
        new Thread() {      
            @Override      
            public void run() {      
                Looper.prepare();      
                Toast.makeText(mContext, "很抱歉,程序出现异常,即将退出.", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();      
                Looper.loop();      
            }      
        }.start();      
        //保存日志文件       
        saveCatchInfo2File(ex);    
        return true;      
    }      
          
    /**   
     * 收集设备参数信息   
     * @param ctx   
     */      
    public void collectDeviceInfo(Context ctx) {      
        try {      
            PackageManager pm = ctx.getPackageManager();      
            PackageInfo pi = pm.getPackageInfo(ctx.getPackageName(), PackageManager.GET_ACTIVITIES);      
            if (pi != null) {      
                String versionName = pi.versionName == null ? "null" : pi.versionName;      
                String versionCode = pi.versionCode + "";      
                infos.put("versionName", versionName);      
                infos.put("versionCode", versionCode);      
            }      
        } catch (NameNotFoundException e) {      
            Log.e(TAG, "an error occured when collect package info", e);      
        }      
        Field[] fields = Build.class.getDeclaredFields();      
        for (Field field : fields) {      
            try {      
                field.setAccessible(true);      
                infos.put(field.getName(), field.get(null).toString());      
                Log.d(TAG, field.getName() + " : " + field.get(null));      
            } catch (Exception e) {      
                Log.e(TAG, "an error occured when collect crash info", e);      
            }      
        }      
    }      
      
    /**   
     * 保存错误信息到文件中   
     *    
     * @param ex   
     * @return  返回文件名称,便于将文件传送到服务器   
     */      
    private String saveCatchInfo2File(Throwable ex) {      
              
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();      
        for (Map.Entry entry : infos.entrySet()) {      
            String key = entry.getKey();      
            String value = entry.getValue();      
            sb.append(key + "=" + value + "\n");      
        }      
              
        Writer writer = new StringWriter();      
        PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(writer);      
        ex.printStackTrace(printWriter);      
        Throwable cause = ex.getCause();      
        while (cause != null) {      
            cause.printStackTrace(printWriter);      
            cause = cause.getCause();      
        }      
        printWriter.close();      
        String result = writer.toString();      
        sb.append(result);      
        try {      
            long timestamp = System.currentTimeMillis();      
            String time = formatter.format(new Date());      
            String fileName = "crash-" + time + "-" + timestamp + ".log";      
            if (Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {      
                String path = "/mnt/sdcard/crash/";      
                File dir = new File(path);      
                if (!dir.exists()) {      
                    dir.mkdirs();      
                }      
                FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(path + fileName);      
                fos.write(sb.toString().getBytes());    
                //发送给开发人员  
                sendCrashLog2PM(path+fileName);  
                fos.close();      
            }      
            return fileName;      
        } catch (Exception e) {      
            Log.e(TAG, "an error occured while writing file...", e);      
        }      
        return null;      
    }      
      
    /** 
     * 将捕获的导致崩溃的错误信息发送给开发人员 
     *  
     * 目前只将log日志保存在sdcard 和输出到LogCat中，并未发送给后台。 
     */  
    private void sendCrashLog2PM(String fileName){  
        if(!new File(fileName).exists()){  
            Toast.makeText(mContext, "日志文件不存在！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();  
            return;  
        }  
        FileInputStream fis = null;  
        BufferedReader reader = null;  
        String s = null;  
        try {  
            fis = new FileInputStream(fileName);  
            reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(fis, "GBK"));  
            while(true){  
                s = reader.readLine();  
                if(s == null) break;  
                //由于目前尚未确定以何种方式发送，所以先打出log日志。  
                Log.i("info", s.toString());  
            }  
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        } catch (IOException e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }finally{   // 关闭流  
            try {  
                reader.close();  
                fis.close();  
            } catch (IOException e) {  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
        }  
    }  
}

针对异常的捕捉要进行全局监控整个项目，所以要将其在Application中注册(也就是初始化)：

import android.app.Application;  
  
public class CrashApplication extends Application {  
  
    @Override  
    public void onCreate() {  
        super.onCreate();  
        CrashHandler catchHandler = CrashHandler.getInstance();  
        catchHandler.init(getApplicationContext());  
    }  
}

现在模拟一个空指针异常：

import android.app.Activity;  
import android.os.Bundle;  
  
public class CatchExceptionLogActivity extends Activity {  
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */  
    private String s;  
    @Override  
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
        setContentView(R.layout.main);  
        System.out.println(s.equals("hello"));  // s没有进行赋值，所以会出现NullPointException异常  
    }  
}

别忘了在配置文件中对Application进行注册：

  
  
  
      
      
      
  
    android:name=".CrashApplication">  
          
              
                  
  
                  
              
          
      
  

TestActivity.java

package com.zhuozhuo; 
 
import java.io.PrintWriter; 
import java.io.StringWriter; 
import java.lang.Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler; 
 
import android.app.Activity; 
import android.content.Intent; 
import android.net.Uri; 
import android.os.Build; 
import android.os.Bundle; 
import android.util.Log; 
import android.view.View; 
import android.view.View.OnClickListener; 
import android.widget.EditText; 
import android.widget.TextView; 
 
public class TestActivity extends Activity { 
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */ 
 
 
    @Override 
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { 
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 
        setContentView(R.layout.main); 
        Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(new UncaughtExceptionHandler() {//给主线程设置一个处理运行时异常的handler 
 
            @Override 
            public void uncaughtException(Thread thread, final Throwable ex) { 
 
                StringWriter sw = new StringWriter(); 
                PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(sw); 
                ex.printStackTrace(pw); 
                 
                StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); 
                 
                sb.append("Version code is "); 
                sb.append(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT + "\n");//设备的Android版本号 
                sb.append("Model is "); 
                sb.append(Build.MODEL+"\n");//设备型号 
                sb.append(sw.toString()); 
 
                Intent sendIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO); 
                sendIntent.setData(Uri.parse("mailto:csdn@csdn.com"));//发送邮件异常到csdn@csdn.com邮箱 
                sendIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "bug report");//邮件主题 
                sendIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, sb.toString());//堆栈信息 
                startActivity(sendIntent); 
                finish(); 
            } 
        }); 
         
        findViewById(R.id.button).setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { 
             
            @Override 
            public void onClick(View v) { 
                Integer a = null; 
                a.toString();//触发nullpointer运行时错误 
                 
            } 
        }); 
         
    } 
} 

main.xml