配置动态路由：基于RIP v2

小编将给大家讲解一下通过RIP v2 来配置动态路由。

(一)实验目的：

掌握在路由器上配置RIP V2。

(二)实验环境：

实验拓扑如下图所示：

 

 

(三)实验的内容和要求

首先建立3路由的静态路由，再建立动态路由。

实验说明：

第一步：基本配置

*三层交换机基本配置

Switch# configure terminal

Switch (config)# vlan 10

Switch (config-vlan)# exit

Switch (config)# vlan 50

Switch (config-vlan)# exit

Switch (config)# interface f0/1

Switch (config-if)# switchport access vlan 10

Switch (config-if)# exit

Switch (config)# interface f0/5

Switch (config-if)# switchport access vlan 50

Switch (config-if)# exit

Switch (config)# interface vlan 10 !创建VLAN虚接口，并配置IP

Switch (config-if)# ip address 172.16.1.2255.255.255.0

Switch (config-if)# no shutdown

Switch (config-if)# exit

Switch (config)# interface vlan 50 !创建VLAN虚接口，并配置IP

Switch (config-if)# no shutdown

Switch (config-if)# exit

验证测试：

Switch # show vlan

VLAN Name Status Ports

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1 default active Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4

Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8

Fa0/9, Fa0/10, Fa0/11

Fa0/12, Fa0/13, Fa0/14

Fa0/15, Fa0/16, Fa0/17

Fa0/18, Fa0/19, Fa0/20

Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23

Fa0/24

10 VLAN0010 active Fa0/1

50 VLAN0050 active Fa0/5

Switch # show ip interface

Interface : VL10

Description : Vlan 10

OperStatus : UP

ManagementStatus : Enabled

Primary Internet address: 172.16.1.2/24

Broadcast address : 255.255.255.255

PhysAddress : 00d0.f8ff.8ab5

Interface : VL50

Description : Vlan 50

OperStatus : UP

ManagementStatus : Enabled

Primary Internet address: 172.16.5.1/24

Broadcast address : 255.255.255.255

PhysAddress : 00d0.f8ff.8ab6

*路由器基本配置

路由器Router1基本配置

Router (config)# interface fastethernet 0/0

或Router (config)# interface fastethernet 1/0

Router (config-if)# ip address 172.16.1.1255.255.255.0

Router (config-if)# no shutdown

Router (config-if)# exit

Router (config)# interface serial 2/0

或Router (config)# interface serial 1/2

Router (config-if)# ip address 172.16.2.1255.255.255.0

Router (config-if)# clock rate 64000

路由器Router2基本配置

Router (config)# interface fastethernet 0/0

或Router (config)# interface fastethernet 1/0

Router (config-if)# ip address 172.16.3.1255.255.255.0

Router (config-if)# no shutdown

Router (config-if)# exit

Router (config)# interface serial 2/0

或Router (config)# interface serial 1/2

Router (config-if)# ip address 172.16.2.2255.255.255.0

Router (config-if)# no shutdown

验证测试：验证路由器接口的配置和状态

验证路由器Router1的接口配置和状态

Router # show ip interface brief

InterfaceIP-Address OK? Status

FastEthernet0/0172.16.1.1 YES up

FastEthernet0/1unassigned YES down

Serial2/0172.16.2.1 YES up

Serial3/0unassigned YES down

验证路由器Router2的接口配置和状态

Router # show ip interface brief

InterfaceIP-Address OK? Status

FastEthernet0/0172.16.3.1 YES up

FastEthernet0/1unassigned YES down

Serial2/0172.16.2.2 YES up

Serial3/0unassigned YES down

第二步：配置RIP v2路由协议

* S3550配置RIP协议

Switch (config)# router rip !开启RIP协议进程

Switch (config-router)# network 172.16.1.0 !申明本设备的直连网段

Switch (config-router)# network 172.16.5.0

Switch (config-router)# version 2

* Router1配置RIP协议

Router(config)# router rip !开启RIP协议进程

Router(config-router)# network 172.16.1.0 !申明本设备的直连网段

Router(config-router)# network 172.16.2.0

Router(config-router)# version 2

Router(config-router)# no auto-summary !关闭路由信息的自动汇总功能

* Router2配置RIP协议

Router(config)# router rip !开启RIP协议进程

Router(config-router)# network 172.16.2.0 !申明本设备的直连网段

Router(config-router)# network 172.16.3.0

Router(config-router)# version 2

Router(config-router)# no auto-summary !关闭路由信息的自动汇总功能

第三步：验证三台路由设备的路由表，查看是否自动学习了其他网段的路由信息

Switch # show ip route

Codes: C- connected, S- static, R- RIP

O- OSPF, IA- OSPF inter area

E1- OSPF external type 1, E2- OSPF external type 2

Type Destination IP Next hop Interface Distance Metric Status

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

C 172.16.1.0/24 0.0.0.0 VL10 0 0 Active

R 172.16.2.0/24 172.16.1.1 VL10 120 2 Active

R 172.16.3.0/24 172.16.1.1 VL10 120 3 Active

C 172.16.5.0/24 0.0.0.0 VL50 0 0 Active

Router1 # show ip route

Codes: C- connected, S- static, R- RIP

O- OSPF, IA- OSPF inter area

E1- OSPF external type 1, E2- OSPF external type 2

Gateway of last resort is not set

172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets

R 172.16.5.0 [120/1] via 172.16.1.2, 00:00:09, FastEthernet0

C 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0

C 172.16.2.0 is directly connected, Serial0

R 172.16.3.0 [120/1] via 172.16.2.2, 00:00:04, Serial0

Router2 # show ip route

Codes: C- connected, S- static, R- RIP

O- OSPF, IA- OSPF inter area

E1- OSPF external type 1, E2- OSPF external type 2

Gateway of last resort is not set

172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets

R 172.16.5.0 [120/2] via 172.16.2.1, 00:00:21, Serial0

R 172.16.1.0 [120/1] via 172.16.2.1, 00:00:21, Serial0

C 172.16.2.0 is directly connected, Serial0

C 172.16.3.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0

第四步：测试网络的连通性

C:\>ping 172.16.3.22!从PC1 ping PC2

Pinging 172.16.3.22 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 172.16.3.22: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=63

Reply from 172.16.3.22: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=63

Reply from 172.16.3.22: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=63

Reply from 172.16.3.22: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=63

Ping statistics for 172.16.3.22:

Packets: Send = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 <0% loss>,

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms

注意事项：

1、在串口上配置时钟频率时，一定要在电缆DCE端的路由器上配置，否则链路不通。

2、 no auto-summary只有在RIP v2支持。

3、 S3550-24没有no auto-summary命令。

4、 PC主机网关一定要指向直连接口IP地址，例如PC1网关指向三层交换机VLAN50的IP地址。

参考配置：

Switch # show running-config

Building configuration…

Current configuration : 349 bytes

!

Version 1.0

!

Hostname S3550

Vlan 1

!

Vlan 10

!

Vlan 50

!

Interface FastEthernet 0/1

Switchport access vlan 10

!

Interface FastEthernet 0/5

Switchport access vlan 50

!

Interface Vlan 10

Ip address 172.16.1.2 255.255.255.0

!

Interface Vlan 50

Ip address 172.16.5.1 255.255.255.0

!

Router rip

Version 2

Network 172.16.0.0 mask 255.255.255.0

!

End

Router1 # show running-config

Building configuration…

Current configuration : 600 bytes

!

Version 8.32(building 5)

!

!

Interface serial 1/2

Encapsulation ppp

Ppp authentication pap

Ip address 172.16.2.1 255.255.255.0

Clock rate 64000

!

Interface serial 1/2

Clock rate 64000

!

Interface FastEthernet 1/0

Ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0

Duplex auto

Speed auto

!

Interface FastEthernet 1/1

Duplex auto

Speed auto

!

Interface Null 0

!

Router rip

No auto-summary

Version 2

Network 172.16.0.0

!

Line con 0

Line aux 0

Line vty 0 4

Login

!

End

Router2 # show running-config

Building configuration…

Current configuration : 522 bytes

!

Version 8.32(building 53)

!

Hostname r2

!

Interface serial 1/2

Encapsulation ppp

Ip address 172.16.2.2 255.255.255.0

Clock rate 64000

!

Interface serial 1/3

Clock rate 64000

!

Interface FastEthernet 1/0

Ip address 172.16.3.1 255.255.255.0

Duplex auto

Speed auto

!

Interface FastEthernet 1/1

Duplex auto

Speed auto

!

Interface Null 0

!

Router rip

No auto-summary

Version 2

Network 172.16.0.0

!

Line con 0

Line aux 0

Line vty 0 4

Login

!

End