[Mysql]备份同库中一张表的历史记录insertinto..select

需求

现在有个这么一个需求，mysql中有个表，数据增长的很快，但是呢这个数据有效期也就是1个月，一个月以前的记录不太重要了，但是又不能删除。为了保证这个表的查询速度，需要一个简单的备份表，把数据倒进去。

代码

于是我写了一个小脚本，用来做定时任务，把这个表某段时间的数据备份到备份表中，核心就是个简单的sql。

原始表radius 备份的表为 radius2015

#!/usr/bin/python2.7
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#python2.7x
#authror: orangleliu
#备份radius中的上网记录表，每个月备份一次，原始表中保留一份数据
#使用同一个数据库中的一个不同表名的表备份

import time
import datetime
import logging
from datetime import timedelta

import MySQLdb
import MySQLdb.cursors


logging.basicConfig(format='%(asctime)s %(levelname)s - \
    %(message)s')
logger = logging.getLogger('backup')
logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)

#数据库配置
DBPARAMS = {
    "host":"127.0.0.1",
    "user":"root",
    "password":"",
    "database":"test",
    "charset": ""
}

#这里使用select into 来备份，数据校验对比记录数，一个月大概100w条数据
#radacct2015
#检查表，检查重传，备份，校验

create_table_sql = '''
CREATE TABLE `{0}` (
  `radacctid` bigint(21) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `acctsessionid` varchar(64) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `acctuniqueid` varchar(32) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `username` varchar(64) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `groupname` varchar(64) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `realm` varchar(64) DEFAULT '',
  `nasipaddress` varchar(15) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `nasportid` varchar(15) DEFAULT NULL,
  `nasporttype` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL,
  `acctstarttime` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
  `acctupdatetime` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
  `acctstoptime` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
  `acctinterval` int(12) DEFAULT NULL,
  `acctsessiontime` int(12) unsigned DEFAULT NULL,
  `acctauthentic` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL,
  `connectinfo_start` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
  `connectinfo_stop` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
  `acctinputoctets` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  `acctoutputoctets` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  `calledstationid` varchar(50) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `callingstationid` varchar(50) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `acctterminatecause` varchar(32) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `servicetype` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL,
  `framedprotocol` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL,
  `framedipaddress` varchar(15) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  PRIMARY KEY (`radacctid`),
  UNIQUE KEY `acctuniqueid` (`acctuniqueid`),
  KEY `username` (`username`),
  KEY `framedipaddress` (`framedipaddress`),
  KEY `acctsessionid` (`acctsessionid`),
  KEY `acctsessiontime` (`acctsessiontime`),
  KEY `acctstarttime` (`acctstarttime`),
  KEY `acctinterval` (`acctinterval`),
  KEY `acctstoptime` (`acctstoptime`),
  KEY `nasipaddress` (`nasipaddress`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
'''


back_sql = '''
INSERT INTO {0}
SELECT *
FROM {1}
WHERE acctstarttime < UNIX_TIMESTAMP(
   STR_TO_DATE('{2}', '%Y-%m-%d')
) AND acctstarttime >= UNIX_TIMESTAMP(
   STR_TO_DATE('{3}', '%Y-%m-%d')
)'''


count_sql = """
SELECT count(*) FROM {0} WHERE 1=1 AND
acctstarttime < UNIX_TIMESTAMP(
   STR_TO_DATE('{1}', '%Y-%m-%d')
) AND acctstarttime >= UNIX_TIMESTAMP(
   STR_TO_DATE('{2}', '%Y-%m-%d')
)
"""


#date tools
def get_year(month):
    #month like 201505
    return datetime.datetime.strptime(month, "%Y%m").year


def get_month_firstday_str(month):
    return datetime.datetime.strptime(month,"%Y%m").\
                                        strftime("%Y-%m-%d")

def get_next_month_firstday_str(month):
    month_firstday = datetime.datetime.strptime(month,"%Y%m")
    monthnum = month_firstday.month
    return "{0}-{1}-{2}".format(
            month_firstday.year if monthnum < 12 else \
                                 month_firstday.year + 1,
            monthnum + 1 if monthnum < 12 else 1, 1)


class DBConn(object):
    __CONFIG = {
        'default': {
            'host': "",
            'user': "",
            'database': "",
            'password': "",
            'charset': "",
        }
    }

    def __init__(self, connname='', connconfig={}):
        if connconfig:
            self.connconfig = connconfig
        else:
            connname = connname or 'default'
            self.connconfig = self.__CONFIG.get(connname, 'default')
        self.conn = None

    def __enter__(self):
        try:
            self.conn = MySQLdb.connect(
                user=self.connconfig['user'],
                db=self.connconfig['database'],
                passwd=self.connconfig['password'],
                host=self.connconfig['host'],
                use_unicode=True,
                charset=self.connconfig['charset'] or "utf8",
                #cursorclass=MySQLdb.cursors.DictCursor
                )

            return self.conn
        except Exception, e:
            print str(e)
            return None

    def __exit__(self, exe_type, exe_value, exe_traceback):
        if exe_type and exe_value:
            print '%s: %s' % (exe_type, exe_value)
        if self.conn:
            self.conn.close()


class RadiusBackup(object):
    def __init__(self, month, conn):
        self.conn = conn
        self.cursor = conn.cursor()
        self.month = month
        self.year = get_year(month)
        self.month_firstday = get_month_firstday_str(month)
        self.next_month_firstday = get_next_month_firstday_str(month)
        self.tablename = "radacct{0}".format(self.year)
        self.stable = "radacct"


    def check_table_exist(self):
        check_table_sql = "SHOW TABLES LIKE '{0}'".format(
                            self.tablename)
        self.cursor.execute(check_table_sql)
        res = self.cursor.fetchall()
        return True if len(res) > 0 else False


    def create_backup_table(self):
        sql = create_table_sql.format(self.tablename)
        self.cursor.execute(sql)
        logger.info(u"开始创建备份表 {0}".format(self.tablename))


    def check_datas_count(self, tablename):
        sql = count_sql.format(tablename, self.next_month_firstday,
                    self.month_firstday)
        logger.debug(sql)
        self.cursor.execute(sql)
        res = self.cursor.fetchone()
        return res[0]


    def check_before(self):
        flag = False
        #check table
        if not self.check_table_exist():
            self.create_backup_table()
            if self.check_table_exist() == False:
                logger.error(u"无法找到备份表 exit")
                return flag
        #check datas
        if self.check_datas_count(self.tablename) > 0:
            return flag
        else:
            return True


    def backup_datas(self):
        sql = back_sql.format(self.tablename, self.stable,
                self.next_month_firstday, self.month_firstday)
        logger.debug(sql)
        self.cursor.execute(sql)
        self.conn.commit()


    def check_after(self):
        snum = self.check_datas_count(self.stable)
        bnum = self.check_datas_count(self.tablename)
        if snum > 0 and (snum == bnum):
            logger.info(u"备份成功")
            return snum, True
        else:
            return -1, False

    def backup_handler(self):
        if self.check_before():
            logger.info(u"检查完毕，开始备份数据")
            self.backup_datas()
            logger.info(u"开始备份")
            num, flag = self.check_after()
            logger.info(u"本次备份{0} 数据 {1}条".format(self.month, num))
        else:
            logger.info(u"数据已经有备份，请检查")


if __name__ == "__main__":
    month = "201504"

    with DBConn(connconfig=DBPARAMS) as dbconn:
        if dbconn:
            backup = RadiusBackup(month, dbconn)
            backup.backup_handler()
        else:
            logger.error("can not connect to db")