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安装keepalived和redis的教程及高可用方案

17-10-23 来源：[db:作者]

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主机：

172.17.209.25

172.17.209.26

软件版本：

keepalived-1.2.19.tar.gz

redis-2.8.1.tar.gz

一、安装Redis

(1)安装

tar -xvf redis-2.8.1.tar.gz

cd redis-2.8.1

make

mkdir -p /usr/local/redis/var

cd src

cp redis-server redis-sentinel redis-cli redis-check-dump redis-check-aof redis-benchmark /usr/local/redis/

(2)配置成系统服务

vi /etc/init.d/redis

--------------------

#!/bin/bash

# init file for redis

# chkconfig: - 80 12

# description: redis daemon

# processname: redis

# config: /usr/local/redis/redis.conf

# pidfile: /usr/local/redis/var/redis.pid

source /etc/init.d/functions

REDISPORT=6379

EXEC=/usr/local/redis/redis-server

REDIS_CLI=/usr/local/redis/redis-cli

PIDFILE=/usr/local/redis/var/redis.pid

CONF="/usr/local/redis/redis.conf"

case "$1" in

start)

if [ -f $PIDFILE ]

then

echo "$PIDFILE exists, process is already running or crashed"

else

echo "Starting Redis server..."

$EXEC $CONF

if [ "$?"="0" ]

then

echo "Redis is running..."

;;

stop)

if [ ! -f $PIDFILE ]

then

echo "$PIDFILE does not exist, process is not running"

else

PID=$(cat $PIDFILE)

echo "Stopping ..."

$REDIS_CLI -p $REDISPORT SHUTDOWN

while [ -x ${PIDFILE} ]

echo "Waiting for Redis to shutdown ..."

sleep 1

done

echo "Redis stopped"

;;

restart|reload)

${0} stop

${0} start

;;

echo "Usage: /etc/init.d/redis {start|stop|restart|reload}" >&2

exit 1

esac

(3)配置redis

vi /usr/local/redis/redis.conf

------------------------------

daemonize yes

pidfile /usr/local/redis/var/redis.pid

port 6379

timeout 300

loglevel notice

logfile /usr/local/redis/var/redis.log

databases 16

save 900 1

save 300 10

save 60 10000

rdbcompression yes

dbfilename dump.rdb

dir /usr/local/redis/var/

#8g memory 32*1024*1024*1024

maxmemory 34359738368

appendonly no

(4)配置自启动

chkconfig nginx on

(5)相关命令

启动:service redis start

关闭:service redis stop

(6)查看服务

ps -ef | grep redis

(7)拷贝redis到另一台器机9.26

scp -r /usr/local/redis/ root@172.17.209.26:/usr/local/

scp -r /etc/init.d/redis root@172.17.209.26:/etc/init.d/

二、安装keepalived

(1)安装

tar -zxvf keepalived-1.2.19.tar.gz

cd keepalived-1.2.19

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived

make

make install

cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/

cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/

cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/

mkdir -p /etc/keepalived

mkdir -p /usr/local/keepalived/var/log

mkdir -p /usr/local/keepalived/scripts/redis

备注：在9.26上也要创建目录：/etc/keepalived，/usr/local/keepalived/var/log，/usr/local/keepalived/scripts/redis

(3)配置keepalived.conf

vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

----------------------------------

vrrp_script chk_redis {

script "/usr/local/keepalived/scripts/redis/redis_check.sh" ###监控脚本

interval 2 ###监控时间

fall 3 ###失败尝试3次

rise 1 ###成功尝试1次

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

state MASTER ###设置为MASTER、BACKUP

interface eth0 ###监控网卡

virtual_router_id 55 ###主从需要在同一路由编号

priority 101 ###权重值，9.25设置为101，9.26必须设置值必须小于100，否则选举不出master

authentication {

auth_type PASS ###加密

auth_pass redis ###密码

}

track_script {

chk_redis ###执行上面定义的chk_redis

}

virtual_ipaddress {

172.17.209.20 dev eth0 scope globa ###Keppalived虚拟出来的VIP

}

notify_master "/usr/local/keepalived/scripts/redis/redis_master.sh 172.17.209.26 6379"

notify_backup "/usr/local/keepalived/scripts/redis/redis_backup.sh 172.17.209.26 6379"

notify_fault "/usr/local/keepalived/scripts/redis/redis_fault.sh"

notify_stop "/usr/local/keepalived/scripts/redis/redis_stop.sh"

}

备注：拷贝到9.26后，要改一下notify_master和notify_backup参数中的172.17.209.26为172.17.209.25;

(4)配置自启动

chkconfig keepalived on

(5)相关命令

启动:service keepalived start

关闭:service keepalived stop

(6)查看服务

ps -ef | grep keepalived

(7)配置keepalived相关redis检查脚本

1)redis_master.sh

-----------------

#!/bin/bash

REDISCLI="/usr/local/redis/redis-cli"

LOGFILE="/data/keepalived/log/keepalived-redis-state.log"

echo "[master]" >> $LOGFILE

date >> $LOGFILE

echo "Being master...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1

echo "Run SLAVEOF cmd ..." >> $LOGFILE

$REDISCLI SLAVEOF $1 $2 >> $LOGFILE 2>&1

sleep 10 #延迟10秒以后待数据同步完成后再取消同步状态

echo "Run SLAVEOF NO ONE cmd ..." >> $LOGFILE

$REDISCLI SLAVEOF NO ONE >> $LOGFILE 2>&1

2)redis_backup.sh

-----------------

#!/bin/bash

REDISCLI="/usr/local/redis/redis-cli"

LOGFILE="/data/keepalived/log/keepalived-redis-state.log"

echo "[backup]" >> $LOGFILE

date >> $LOGFILE

echo "Being slave...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1

sleep 15 #..15....................

echo "Run SLAVEOF cmd ..." >> $LOGFILE

$REDISCLI SLAVEOF $1 $2 >> $LOGFILE 2>&1

3)redis_fault.sh

----------------

#!/bin/bash

LOGFILE=/data/keepalived/log/keepalived-redis-state.log

echo "[fault]" >> $LOGFILE

date >> $LOGFILE

4)redis_stop.sh

#!/bin/bash

LOGFILE=/data/keepalived/log/keepalived-redis-state.log

echo "[stop]" >> $LOGFILE

date >> $LOGFILE

5)redis_check.sh

----------------

#!/bin/bash

ALIVE=`/usr/local/redis/redis-cli PING`

if [ "$ALIVE" == "PONG" ]; then

echo $ALIVE

exit 0

else

echo $ALIVE

exit 1

将以上shell拷贝到目录：/usr/local/keepalived/scripts/redis/，

然后赋权：chmod 755 /usr/local/keepalived/scripts/redis/*.sh

(8)拷贝redis到另一台器机9.26

scp -r /usr/sbin/keepalived root@172.17.209.26:/usr/sbin/

scp -r /etc/sysconfig/keepalived root@172.17.209.26:/etc/sysconfig/

scp -r /etc/init.d/keepalived root@172.17.209.26:/etc/init.d/

scp -r /usr/local/keepalived/scripts/redis/* root@172.17.209.26:/usr/local/keepalived/scripts/redis

备注：要给shell赋权限

chmod 755 /usr/local/keepalived/scripts/redis/*.sh

三、测试方案

查看日志命令：tail -f /data/keepalived/log/keepalived-redis-state.log

查看redis主从角色命令：/usr/local/redis/redis-cli -p 6379 info replication

查看vrrp的信息：tail /var/log/message

查看VIP的漂移信息：ifconfig

启动9.25和9.26的redis,顺序不分先后。启动命令：service redis start

先启动9.25的keepalived，再启动9.26的keeplived，有先后顺序。启动命令：service keepalived start

注意的一点，如果9.25的keepalived和redis都是正常的，那么redis的角色肯定为master(主)。

测试结果如下：

序号	操作前环境状态	操作步骤	期望结果	实际结果	测试状态
1	(1)9.25_keepalived正常(2)9.26_keepalived正常 (3)9.25_redis正常[主] (4)9.26_redis正常[从]	停9.26redis(从)	不发生主从切换，9.26_keepalived会触发notify_fault，打印[fault]日志; 完成后状态： (1)9.25_keepalived正常(2)9.26_keepalived正常 (3)9.25_redis正常[主] (4)9.26_redis正常[停]	不发生主从切换，9.26_keepalived不会触发notify_fault，不打印[fault]; 完成后状态： (1)9.25_keepalived正常 (2)9.26_keepalived正常 (3)9.25_redis正常[主] (4)9.26_redis正常[停]	通过
2	(1)9.25_keepalived正常(2)9.26_keepalived正常 (3)9.25_redis正常[主] (4)9.26_redis正常[停]	启动9.26redis(从)	不发生主从切换； 9.26_keepalived会触发notify_backup，将9.26_redis设置为9.25的从服务器，可以正常同步数据，打印[notify_backup]日志; 完成后状态： (1)9.25_keepalived正常(2)9.26_keepalived正常 (3)9.25_redis正常[主] (4)9.26_redis正常[从]	不发生主从切换； 9.26_keepalived不会触发notify_backup，不打印[backup]; redis之前没有主从关系，没法同步数据。完成后状态： (1)9.25_keepalived正常(2)9.26_keepalived正常 (3)9.25_redis正常[主] (4)9.26_redis正常[主]	通过
3	(1)9.25_keepalived正常(2)9.26_keepalived正常 (3)9.25_redis正常[主] (4)9.26_redis正常[从]	停9.25redis(主)	发生主从切换； 9.25_keepalived会触发notify_fault，打印[fault]日志; 9.26_keepalived会触发notify_master，打印[master]日志; 完成后状态： (1)9.25_keepalived正常 (2)9.26_keepalived正常 (3)9.25_redis正常[停] (4)9.26_redis正常[主]	发生主从切换； 9.25_keepalived会触发notify_fault，打印[fault]日志; 9.26_keepalived会触发notify_master，打印[master]日志; 完成后状态： (1)9.25_keepalived正常 (2)9.26_keepalived正常 (3)9.25_redis正常[停] (4)9.26_redis正常[主]	通过
4	(1)9.25_keepalived正常(2)9.26_keepalived正常 (3)9.25_redis正常[停] (4)9.26_redis正常[主]	启动9.25redis(主)	发生主从切换； 9.25_keepalived会触发notify_master，打印[master]日志; 9.26_keepalived会触发notify_backup，打印[backup]日志; 完成后状态： (1)9.25_keepalived正常 (2)9.26_keepalived正常 (3)9.25_redis正常[主] (4)9.26_redis正常[从]	发生主从切换； 9.25_keepalived会触发notify_master，打印[master]日志; 9.26_keepalived会触发notify_backup，打印[backup]日志; 完成后状态： (1)9.25_keepalived正常 (2)9.26_keepalived正常 (3)9.25_redis正常[主] (4)9.26_redis正常[从]	通过
5	(1)9.25_keepalived正常(2)9.26_keepalived正常 (3)9.25_redis正常[主] (4)9.26_redis正常[从]	停9.26keepalived	不发生主从切换； 9.26_keepalived会触发notify_stop，打印[stop]日志完成后状态： 1)9.25_keepalived正常 (2)9.26_keepalived停 (3)9.25_redis正常[主] (4)9.26_redis正常[从]	不发生主从切换； 9.26_keepalived会触发notify_stop，打印[stop]日志; 完成后状态： (1)9.25_keepalived正常 (2)9.26_keepalived停 (3)9.25_redis正常[主] (4)9.26_redis正常[从]	通过
6	(1)9.25_keepalived正常(2)9.26_keepalived停 (3)9.25_redis正常[主] (4)9.26_redis正常[从]	启动9.26keepalived	不发生主从切换； 9.26_keepalived会触发notify_backup，打印[backup]日志; 完成后状态： (1)9.25_keepalived正常 (2)9.26_keepalived正常 (3)9.25_redis正常[主] (4)9.26_redis正常[从]	不发生主从切换； 9.26_keepalived会触发notify_backup，打印[backup]日志; 完成后状态： (1)9.25_keepalived正常 (2)9.26_keepalived正常 (3)9.25_redis正常[主] (4)9.26_redis正常[从]	通过
7	(1)9.25_keepalived正常(2)9.26_keepalived正常 (3)9.25_redis正常[主] (4)9.26_redis正常[从]	停9.25keepalived	发生主从切换； 9.25_keepalived会触发notify_stop，打印[stop]日志; 9.26_keepalived会触发notify_master，打印[master]日志; 完成后状态： (1)9.25_keepalived停 (2)9.26_keepalived正常 (3)9.25_redis正常[从] (4)9.26_redis正常[主]	发生主从切换； 9.25_keepalived会触发notify_stop，打印[stop]日志; 9.26_keepalived会触发notify_master，打印[master]日志; 2个redis节点都是主节点，无法同步数据。完成后状态： (1)9.25_keepalived停 (2)9.26_keepalived正常 (3)9.25_redis正常[主] (4)9.26_redis正常[主]	需要人工处理
8	(1)9.25_keepalived停(2)9.26_keepalived正常 (3)9.25_redis正常[主] (4)9.26_redis正常[从]	启9.25keepalived	发生主从切换； 9.25_keepalived会触发notify_master，打印[master]日志; 9.26_keepalived会触发notify_backup，打印[backup]日志; 完成后状态： (1)9.25_keepalived正常 (2)9.26_keepalived正常 (3)9.25_redis正常[主] (4)9.26_redis正常[从]	发生主从切换； 9.25_keepalived会触发notify_master，打印[master]日志; 9.26_keepalived会触发notify_backup，打印[backup]日志; 完成后状态： (1)9.25_keepalived正常 (2)9.26_keepalived正常 (3)9.25_redis正常[主] (4)9.26_redis正常[从]	通过

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